An escalator is a moving staircase used for passenger transport up and down at a short vertical distance. Escalators around the world are installed and used in places where lifting is not possible. The main uses of this device are in shopping malls, airports and transportation centers, business centers, hotels and public buildings. The benefits of an escalator are very high. Escalators have a high capacity for displacing people and can be installed in the same physical staircase space. Escalators do not have time to wait unless they are in heavy traffic. They can also be used to direct people to the main outputs or specific locations of the employer. Covered ones are also available for outdoor use. The number of installed escalators in the United States is estimated at more than 30,000 machines, which can handle 90 billion passengers annually. The escalator and its family, the electric pedestal, provide their driving force by using alternating current motors that create a steady speed. This speed is generally 0.3 to 0.6 m / s. The maximum angle of the escalator is 18 degrees to 30 degrees horizontally.
The invention of a public-use escalator is attributed to a chartered Otis elevator firm, Charles DeSaber. His creature was presented at the 1900 Paris exhibition, which won the first prize. Siberge has developed a word-of-mouth from the combination of the two words ESCALA, which in Latin means stairs, and ELEVATOR, which means lift. In 1910, Seberg handed over his patent to the Otis Elevator Company. Despite the many advances made in the field of completing the invention since its birth, Siberian's early design is still the basis of an escalator. This car consists of two up and down platforms, which are connected by a metal truss. The truss includes two wheel drives that move a folding staircase into a continuous loop. The truss is also equipped with a shield and two bar knobs that move at a fast pace with the speed of the stairs.
Components
Up and Down Platforms
The two platforms include curtain curtain parts, as well as engines, gearboxes and stairs. The above platform includes the propulsion engine and related equipment and the main gearbox of the system. The bottom platform provides wheels and equipment for the return of the stairs to the source. These two pieces also tighten the top and bottom truss. In addition, the platforms are equipped with a tray or fixed plate and a shoulder pad. The tray provides the space required to stand up to the movable stairs before boarding. This tray is level with the finished floor and is usually fitted to be removable and the equipment below is available to installation and maintenance professionals. The shoulder plate is a part that is placed between the platform and the moving stairs. The name implies that the edges of the staircase have shoulders that lie between the edges of the stairs. This design is used to fill the gap between the stationary platform and the stairs and not let objects get stuck in the gap.
Escalator
Escalator anatomy in plain language
Escalator
Shoulder board
truss
The truss is a metallic, hollow metal structure that connects the lower and upper part of the escalator. They are made up of two lateral parts, which are tightened by intermediate suppression from the lower to the upright. The two ends of the truss are attached to the lower and upper platforms, and these platforms are connected to the floors with steel fastening or using concrete. The truss also connects the shields up and down to each other.
Escalator
Guides:
The guidance system is embedded within the truss to place the chain of stairs that permanently moves the stairs in a circular path. There are two steering wheels in this mechanism. One for the front wheels of the stairs, called stairs, and the other for the rear wheels of the stairs, called the deadly wheel. The relative position of these wheels causes the stairs to be positioned as a staircase along the length of the truss after leaving the lower shoulder plate. Along the length of the truss, these wheels are positioned at a maximum distance, making each step a 90 ° angle to the quill staircase. The doses are up and down the track, these wheels are approaching each other, so that the front and rear wheels of the stairs are placed in an almost continuous stroke. This makes the stairs side by side as flat plates. They can therefore easily be returned to the source during a circular path. The navigators pass the steps from the bottom of the truss to return to the beginning of the path. In this case, the distance between the steering wheels increases and the stair surface becomes again a staircase with a right angle. This cycle constantly repeats itself and leads the steps to the end of the path again to the beginning of the path.
Escalator
stairs:
The stairs themselves are solid and integrated in a die casting process made of aluminum. A rubber casing may be drawn onto their surface to reduce the possibility of slipping passengers. A yellow marker line may also be added to indicate the edges of the stairs. The walls of the wall and the floor of the staircase are embedded in a dent in which the dentures are fitted in such a way as to fit with the shoulder padded ivory on the top and bottom of the platform. The stairs are connected by a metal chain in a closed path, so that the body of each step can bend and angle to the adjacent staircase. The front of the stairs